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Brunei


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Brunei

Land Area 5265km²
Land Area + Seaarea
Population 408786
Population density 77.6 / km²

Informations

Brunei ( (listen) broo-NY; Malay: [brunaɪ] (listen)), formally the Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace (Malay: Negara Brunei Darussalam, Jawi: نڬارا بروني دارالسلام‎), is a country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Aside from its coastline with the South China Sea, the country is totally surrounded by the insular Malaysian state of Sarawak. It's separated into two parts from the Sarawak district of Limbang. Brunei is the only autonomous state entirely on the island of Borneo; the rest of the island's land is split between the states of Malaysia and Indonesia. Brunei's population was 428,963 in 2018. The government is an absolute monarchy under the Sultan, which implements a combination of English common law and sharia law, as well as direct overall Islamic practices. At the peak of the Bruneian Empire, Sultan Bolkiah (reigned 1485--1528) is alleged to have had control over most areas of Borneo, including modern-day Sarawak and Sabah, as well as the Sulu Archipelago off the northeast tip of Borneo, Seludong (modern-day Manila), and the islands off the northwest tip of Borneo. The maritime state was seen by Spain's Magellan Expedition in 1521 and fought against Spain in the 1578 Castilian War. During the 19th century, the Bruneian Empire began to decline. The Sultanate ceded Sarawak (Kuching) to James Brooke and installed him as the White Rajah, and it ceded Sabah into the British North Borneo Chartered Company. In 1888, Brunei became a British protectorate and was assigned a British resident as colonial director in 1906. After the Japanese occupation during World War II, in 1959 a new constitution was written. In 1962, a small armed rebellion against the monarchy was finished with the support of the British. Brunei gained its independence from the United Kingdom on 1 January 1984. Economic growth during the 1990s and 2000s, with the GDP rising 56% from 1999 to 2008, transformed Brunei in an industrialised nation. It's developed riches from extensive petroleum and natural gas fields. Brunei has the second-highest Human Development Index among the Southeast Asian nations, after Singapore, and is classified as a developed nation. According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Brunei is ranked fifth in the world by gross domestic product per capita at purchasing power parity. The IMF estimated in 2011 that Brunei was one of two countries (the other being Libya) with a public debt at 0% of the national GDP.

Source: Wikipedia