Algeria | |
|---|---|
| Land Area | 2381741km² |
| Land Area + Seaarea | |
| Population | 40263711 |
| Population density | 16.9 / km² |
Algeria ( (listen) al-JEER-ee-ə, Arabic: الجزائر al-Jazā'ir), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. The capital and most populous city is Algiers, located in the far north of the country on the Mediterranean shore. With an area of 2,381,741 square kilometres (919,595 sq mi), Algeria is the tenth-largest country on earth, and the largest by area from the African Union and the Arab world. With an estimated population of over 44 million, it is the eighth-most populous country in Africa. Algeria is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia, to the east by Libya, to the southeast by Niger, to the southwest by Mali, Mauritania, and the Western Saharan territory, to the west by Morocco, and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea. The country has a semi-arid geography, with the majority of the populace living in the fertile north and the Sahara dominating the geography of the south. This arid geography makes the country very vulnerable to climate change.Pre-1962 Algeria has known many empires and dynasties, including early Numidians, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, Umayyads, Abbasids, Idrisid, Aghlabid, Rustamid, Fatimids, Zirid, Hammadids, Almoravids, Almohads, Zayyanids, Spaniards, Ottomans and finally, the French colonial empire. The majority of the populace is Arab-Berber, practicing Islam and using the official languages of Arabic and Berber. However, French functions as an administrative and education language in certain contexts, and Algerian Arabic is the primary spoken language. Algeria has a semi-presidential republic, with local constituencies comprising 58 provinces and 1,541 communes. Algeria is a regional and middle power. It has the highest human development index of all non-island African countries and one of the biggest economies on the continent, based mostly on energy exports. Algeria has the 16th largest oil reserves in the world and the second biggest in Africa, while it has the ninth largest reserves of natural gas. Sonatrach, the national oil company, is the largest company in Africa, supplying large amounts of natural gas to Europe. Algeria has one of the largest militaries in Africa and the largest defence budget. It is a member of the African Union, the Arab League, OPEC, the United Nations, and the Arab Maghreb Union, of which it is a founding member.
Source: WikipediaZambia | |
|---|---|
| Land Area | 743398km² |
| Land Area + Seaarea | |
| Population | 11668000 |
| Population density | 15.7 / km² |
Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia (Tonga: Cisi ca Zambia; Nyanja: Dziko la Zambia) is a landlocked nation in Southern-Central Africa (although some sources believe it part of East Africa). Its neighbours are the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the north-east, Malawi to the east, Mozambique to the southeast, Zimbabwe and Botswana to the south, Namibia to the southwest, and Angola to the west. The capital city is Lusaka, located in the south-central part of Zambia. The population is concentrated mainly in the south and the Copperbelt Province around Lusaka the financial hubs of the country, to the shore. Originally inhabited by peoples, the region was influenced by the Bantu expansion of the thirteenth century. After European explorers in the eighteenth century, the British colonised the region into the protectorates of Barotziland-North-Western Rhodesia and North-Eastern Rhodesia towards the end of the nineteenth century. All these were merged to form Northern Rhodesia. For most of the colonial period, an administration appointed with the advice of the British South Africa Company from London dominated Zambia. On 24 October 1964, Zambia became independent of minister Kenneth Kaunda and the uk became the inaugural president. Kaunda's socialist United National Independence Party (UNIP) maintained power from 1964 until 1991. Kaunda played a key role in regional diplomacy, cooperating closely with the United States in search of solutions to conflicts in Rhodesia (Zimbabwe), Angola, and Namibia. From 1972 to 1991 Zambia was a one-party nation with the UNIP as the only legal political party under the motto"One Zambia, One Nation". Kaunda was succeeded by Frederick Chiluba of the social-democratic Movement for Multi-Party Democracy in 1991, beginning a period of government decentralisation and social-economic increase. Levy Mwanawasa, Chiluba's chosen successor, presided until his death in August 2008, and is credited to reduce corruption and increase the standard of living. After Mwanawasa's death, Rupiah Banda presided as Acting President. Holding office Banda stepped down following his defeat in the 2011 elections by Patriotic Front party leader Michael Sata. Sata expired on 28 October 2014, making him the next Zambian president to die in office. Guy Scott served as interim president until new elections were held on 20 January 2015, where Edgar Lungu was elected as the President. In 2010, the World Bank called Zambia among the world's fastest reformed nations that were economically. The Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) is headquartered in Lusaka.
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