Algeria | |
|---|---|
| Land Area | 2381741km² |
| Land Area + Seaarea | |
| Population | 40263711 |
| Population density | 16.9 / km² |
Algeria ( (listen) al-JEER-ee-ə, Arabic: الجزائر al-Jazā'ir), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. The capital and most populous city is Algiers, located in the far north of the country on the Mediterranean shore. With an area of 2,381,741 square kilometres (919,595 sq mi), Algeria is the tenth-largest country on earth, and the largest by area from the African Union and the Arab world. With an estimated population of over 44 million, it is the eighth-most populous country in Africa. Algeria is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia, to the east by Libya, to the southeast by Niger, to the southwest by Mali, Mauritania, and the Western Saharan territory, to the west by Morocco, and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea. The country has a semi-arid geography, with the majority of the populace living in the fertile north and the Sahara dominating the geography of the south. This arid geography makes the country very vulnerable to climate change.Pre-1962 Algeria has known many empires and dynasties, including early Numidians, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, Umayyads, Abbasids, Idrisid, Aghlabid, Rustamid, Fatimids, Zirid, Hammadids, Almoravids, Almohads, Zayyanids, Spaniards, Ottomans and finally, the French colonial empire. The majority of the populace is Arab-Berber, practicing Islam and using the official languages of Arabic and Berber. However, French functions as an administrative and education language in certain contexts, and Algerian Arabic is the primary spoken language. Algeria has a semi-presidential republic, with local constituencies comprising 58 provinces and 1,541 communes. Algeria is a regional and middle power. It has the highest human development index of all non-island African countries and one of the biggest economies on the continent, based mostly on energy exports. Algeria has the 16th largest oil reserves in the world and the second biggest in Africa, while it has the ninth largest reserves of natural gas. Sonatrach, the national oil company, is the largest company in Africa, supplying large amounts of natural gas to Europe. Algeria has one of the largest militaries in Africa and the largest defence budget. It is a member of the African Union, the Arab League, OPEC, the United Nations, and the Arab Maghreb Union, of which it is a founding member.
Source: WikipediaTunisia | |
|---|---|
| Land Area | 155360km² |
| Land Area + Seaarea | |
| Population | 0 |
| Population density | 0.0 / km² |
Tunisia, officially the Republic of Tunisia, is a state in the Maghreb region of North Africa, covering 163,610 square kilometres (63,170 square miles). Cape Angela, its northernmost point, is also the northernmost point on the continent. Tunisia is east and bordered by Algeria to the west and southwest, Libya to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north. Tunisia's population was 11.7 million in 2019. Tunisia's name is derived from its capital city, Tunis (Berber native name: Tunest), which is located on its northeast shore. Tunisia contains the northern reaches of the Sahara desert, and the eastern end of the Atlas Mountains. Much of the rest of the country's land is fertile soil. Its 1,300 kilometres (810 miles) of coastline include the African conjunction of the western and southern areas of the Mediterranean Basin and, by means of the Sicilian Strait and Sardinian Channel, feature the African mainland's second and third closest points to Europe after Gibraltar. Tunisia is a unitary representative democratic republic. It's thought of as the only fully democratic state in the Arab world. It has a high human development index. It has an association agreement with the European Union; is a member of La Francophonie, the Union for the Mediterranean, the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa, the Arab Maghreb Union, the Arab League, the OIC, the Greater Arab Free Trade Area, the Community of Sahel--Saharan States, the African Union, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Group of 77; and has obtained the status of major non-NATO ally of the USA. Tunisia is also a country party to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court and a member state of the United Nations. Connections with Europe, through privatisation, economic cooperation and modernization, have been forged in particular with France and with Italy. In ancient times, Berbers inhabited Tunisia. Phoenician immigration started in the 12th century BC; those immigrants founded Carthage. A military rival of the Roman Republic, Carthage and A mercantile power was defeated by the Romans in 146 BC. The Romans occupied Tunisia for the majority of the next 800 years, introduced Christianity and abandoned legacies. After several attempts starting in 647, Muslims introduced Islam and conquered the whole of Tunisia by 697. After a succession of campaigns beginning to conquer and colonize the area, control was established by the Ottoman Empire in 1574 and held sway for over 300 decades afterwards. French colonization of Tunisia happened in 1881. Tunisia gained independence and announced the Tunisian Republic in 1957. The Tunisian Revolution resulted in the overthrow of President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, followed by elections. The country voted for parliament on 26 October 2014, and for President on 23 November 2014. Consequently, Tunisia is the only country in North Africa categorized as"Free" by the Freedom House organization and is also considered by The Economist's Democracy Index as the only democracy in the Arab World.
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