Algeria | |
|---|---|
| Land Area | 2381741km² |
| Land Area + Seaarea | |
| Population | 40263711 |
| Population density | 16.9 / km² |
Algeria ( (listen) al-JEER-ee-ə, Arabic: الجزائر al-Jazā'ir), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. The capital and most populous city is Algiers, located in the far north of the country on the Mediterranean shore. With an area of 2,381,741 square kilometres (919,595 sq mi), Algeria is the tenth-largest country on earth, and the largest by area from the African Union and the Arab world. With an estimated population of over 44 million, it is the eighth-most populous country in Africa. Algeria is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia, to the east by Libya, to the southeast by Niger, to the southwest by Mali, Mauritania, and the Western Saharan territory, to the west by Morocco, and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea. The country has a semi-arid geography, with the majority of the populace living in the fertile north and the Sahara dominating the geography of the south. This arid geography makes the country very vulnerable to climate change.Pre-1962 Algeria has known many empires and dynasties, including early Numidians, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, Umayyads, Abbasids, Idrisid, Aghlabid, Rustamid, Fatimids, Zirid, Hammadids, Almoravids, Almohads, Zayyanids, Spaniards, Ottomans and finally, the French colonial empire. The majority of the populace is Arab-Berber, practicing Islam and using the official languages of Arabic and Berber. However, French functions as an administrative and education language in certain contexts, and Algerian Arabic is the primary spoken language. Algeria has a semi-presidential republic, with local constituencies comprising 58 provinces and 1,541 communes. Algeria is a regional and middle power. It has the highest human development index of all non-island African countries and one of the biggest economies on the continent, based mostly on energy exports. Algeria has the 16th largest oil reserves in the world and the second biggest in Africa, while it has the ninth largest reserves of natural gas. Sonatrach, the national oil company, is the largest company in Africa, supplying large amounts of natural gas to Europe. Algeria has one of the largest militaries in Africa and the largest defence budget. It is a member of the African Union, the Arab League, OPEC, the United Nations, and the Arab Maghreb Union, of which it is a founding member.
Source: WikipediaTajikistan | |
|---|---|
| Land Area | 141510km² |
| Land Area + Seaarea | |
| Population | 7215700 |
| Population density | 51.0 / km² |
Tajikistan ( (listen), ; Tajik: Тоҷикистон, [tɔdʒikisˈtɔn]), officially the Republic of Tajikistan (Tajik: Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Jumhurii Tojikiston), is a mountainous, landlocked country in Central Asia with an area of 143,100 km2 (55,300 sq mi) and an estimated population of 9,275,828 people. It is bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north and China to the east. The Tajik people's traditional homelands incorporate present-day Tajikistan as well as parts of Uzbekistan and Afghanistan. The land that now constitutes Tajikistan was formerly home to several ancient cultures, including the city of Sarazm of the Neolithic and the Bronze Age and was later home to kingdoms dominated by people of different faiths and cultures, including the Oxus civilisation, Andronovo culture, Buddhism, Nestorian Christianity, Zoroastrianism, Manichaeism and Islam. Numerous empires and dynasties have dominated the area, including the Mongol Empire, Sasanian Empire, Hephthalite Empire, Samanid Empire and the Achaemenid Empire. The Timurid Renaissance was flourished after being ruled by the Timurid dynasty and the Khanate of Bukhara. The area was later conquered by the Russian Empire and by the Soviet Union. Within the Soviet Union, the nation's modern borders were drawn as it was part of Uzbekistan as an autonomous republic before becoming a full-fledged Soviet republic in 1929. As soon as the Soviet Union disintegrated on 9 September 1991, Tajikistan became an independent nation. There was A war fought almost immediately lasting from 1992 to 1997. Since the end of the war, recently established stability and foreign aid have allowed the economy of the country. For leadership, lack of religious freedom, corruption and widespread violations of human rights, the nation, headed by President Emomali Rahmon since 1994, has been criticised by many of organizations like all other Central Asian neighbouring countries. Tajikistan is a republic. The majority of Tajikistan's population belongs to the Tajik ethnic group, who speak Tajik (a dialect of Persian). Russian is used as the inter-ethnic language. 98 percent of the population practice Islam, while the state is constitutionally secular. In Tajikistan's Oblast, despite its population, there's linguistic diversity where Shughni Rushani, Ishkashimi, Wakhi and Tajik are some of the languages. Mountains cover more than 90 percent of the nation. It's a transition economy that's highly dependent on remittances, aluminium and cotton production. Tajikistan is part of CSTO, CIS, OSCE, OIC, ECO, SCO and the United Nations in Addition to an NATO PfP partner.
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