Algeria | |
|---|---|
| Land Area | 2381741km² |
| Land Area + Seaarea | |
| Population | 40263711 |
| Population density | 16.9 / km² |
Algeria ( (listen) al-JEER-ee-ə, Arabic: الجزائر al-Jazā'ir), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. The capital and most populous city is Algiers, located in the far north of the country on the Mediterranean shore. With an area of 2,381,741 square kilometres (919,595 sq mi), Algeria is the tenth-largest country on earth, and the largest by area from the African Union and the Arab world. With an estimated population of over 44 million, it is the eighth-most populous country in Africa. Algeria is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia, to the east by Libya, to the southeast by Niger, to the southwest by Mali, Mauritania, and the Western Saharan territory, to the west by Morocco, and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea. The country has a semi-arid geography, with the majority of the populace living in the fertile north and the Sahara dominating the geography of the south. This arid geography makes the country very vulnerable to climate change.Pre-1962 Algeria has known many empires and dynasties, including early Numidians, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, Umayyads, Abbasids, Idrisid, Aghlabid, Rustamid, Fatimids, Zirid, Hammadids, Almoravids, Almohads, Zayyanids, Spaniards, Ottomans and finally, the French colonial empire. The majority of the populace is Arab-Berber, practicing Islam and using the official languages of Arabic and Berber. However, French functions as an administrative and education language in certain contexts, and Algerian Arabic is the primary spoken language. Algeria has a semi-presidential republic, with local constituencies comprising 58 provinces and 1,541 communes. Algeria is a regional and middle power. It has the highest human development index of all non-island African countries and one of the biggest economies on the continent, based mostly on energy exports. Algeria has the 16th largest oil reserves in the world and the second biggest in Africa, while it has the ninth largest reserves of natural gas. Sonatrach, the national oil company, is the largest company in Africa, supplying large amounts of natural gas to Europe. Algeria has one of the largest militaries in Africa and the largest defence budget. It is a member of the African Union, the Arab League, OPEC, the United Nations, and the Arab Maghreb Union, of which it is a founding member.
Source: WikipediaJersey | |
|---|---|
| Land Area | 116km² |
| Land Area + Seaarea | |
| Population | 97857 |
| Population density | 843.6 / km² |
Jersey ( JUR-zee, French: [ʒɛʁzɛ] (listen); Jèrriais: Jèrri [dʒɛri]), officially the Bailiwick of Jersey (French: Bailliage de Jersey; Jèrriais: Bailliage dé Jèrri), is a British Crown dependency located close to the coast of Normandy, France. It is the second-closest to France of the Channel Islands, after Alderney. Jersey was a part of the Duchy of Normandy, whose dukes went on to become kings of England from 1066. The ducal title surrendered to France, and after Normandy was dropped by the kings of England in the 13th century, Jersey and the other Channel Islands remained attached to the crown. The bailiwick consists of the island of Jersey, the largest of the Channel Islands, along with surrounding rocks and uninhabited islands named Les Dirouilles, Les Écréhous, Les Minquiers, Les Pierres de Lecq, and other lands. Although the bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey are often known jointly as the Channel Islands, the"Channel Islands" are not a constitutional or political unit. Jersey has a separate connection to the Crown from another Crown dependencies of Guernsey and the Isle of Man, though all are held by the monarch of the United Kingdom.Jersey is a self-governing parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy, with its own financial, legal and judicial systems, and the power of self-determination. The Lieutenant Governor on the island would be the Queen's representative. Jersey isn't part of the uk, and has an international identity separate from that of the UK, but the UK is constitutionally responsible for Jersey's defence. The definition of United Kingdom in the British Nationality Act 1981 is interpreted as including the UK and the Islands together.The European Commission confirmed in a written reply to the European Parliament in 2003 that Jersey was within the Union as a European Territory for whose external relationships the UK accounts for Jersey wasn't fully part of the European Union but had a special relationship with it, especially being treated as within the European Community for the purposes of free trade in goods.British cultural influence on the island is evident in its use of English as the main language and the British pound as its primary currency, even though some people still speak or understand Jèrriais, the local form of the Norman language, and put names with French or Norman origins abound. Added cultural commonalities include driving access to the BBC and ITV areas, on the left, a college program after that of England, and the popularity of sports.
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