Algeria | |
|---|---|
| Land Area | 2381741km² |
| Land Area + Seaarea | |
| Population | 40263711 |
| Population density | 16.9 / km² |
Algeria ( (listen) al-JEER-ee-ə, Arabic: الجزائر al-Jazā'ir), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. The capital and most populous city is Algiers, located in the far north of the country on the Mediterranean shore. With an area of 2,381,741 square kilometres (919,595 sq mi), Algeria is the tenth-largest country on earth, and the largest by area from the African Union and the Arab world. With an estimated population of over 44 million, it is the eighth-most populous country in Africa. Algeria is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia, to the east by Libya, to the southeast by Niger, to the southwest by Mali, Mauritania, and the Western Saharan territory, to the west by Morocco, and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea. The country has a semi-arid geography, with the majority of the populace living in the fertile north and the Sahara dominating the geography of the south. This arid geography makes the country very vulnerable to climate change.Pre-1962 Algeria has known many empires and dynasties, including early Numidians, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, Umayyads, Abbasids, Idrisid, Aghlabid, Rustamid, Fatimids, Zirid, Hammadids, Almoravids, Almohads, Zayyanids, Spaniards, Ottomans and finally, the French colonial empire. The majority of the populace is Arab-Berber, practicing Islam and using the official languages of Arabic and Berber. However, French functions as an administrative and education language in certain contexts, and Algerian Arabic is the primary spoken language. Algeria has a semi-presidential republic, with local constituencies comprising 58 provinces and 1,541 communes. Algeria is a regional and middle power. It has the highest human development index of all non-island African countries and one of the biggest economies on the continent, based mostly on energy exports. Algeria has the 16th largest oil reserves in the world and the second biggest in Africa, while it has the ninth largest reserves of natural gas. Sonatrach, the national oil company, is the largest company in Africa, supplying large amounts of natural gas to Europe. Algeria has one of the largest militaries in Africa and the largest defence budget. It is a member of the African Union, the Arab League, OPEC, the United Nations, and the Arab Maghreb Union, of which it is a founding member.
Source: WikipediaEcuador | |
|---|---|
| Land Area | 276841km² |
| Land Area + Seaarea | |
| Population | 13755680 |
| Population density | 49.7 / km² |
<p>Ecuador ( (listen) EK-wə-dor; Spanish pronunciation: [ekwaˈðoɾ] (listen); Quechua: Ikwayur; Shuar: Ecuador or Ekuatur), officially the Republic of Ecuador (Spanish: República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: Ikwadur Ripuwlika; Shuar: Ekuatur Nunka), is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. </p>Ecuador also contains the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) west of the mainland. The capital and largest city is Quito.The territories of modern-day Ecuador were once home to a variety of Amerindian groups which were gradually incorporated into the Inca Empire during the 15th century. The territory was colonized by Spain achieving independence in 1820 as part of Gran Colombia, where it emerged as its own state in 1830. The legacy of both empires is reflected in Ecuador's ethnically diverse population, with most of its 17.1 million people being mestizos, followed by large minorities of European, Amerindian, and African descendants. Though 13 Amerindian languages are also known, spanish is the official language and is spoken by a majority of the populace, including Quichua and Shuar. The state of Ecuador is a middle-income representative democratic republic and a developed country that is very dependent on namely petroleum commodities and agricultural products. It's governed as a republic. Among 17 megadiverse countries in the world hosts many endemic plants and animals, like those of the Galápagos Islands. In recognition of its unique heritage, the new constitution of 2008 is the first in the world to recognize enforceable Rights of ecosystem rights, or Nature. It also has the lowest homicide rate in the Americas. Between 2006 and 2016, poverty decreased from 36.7percent to 22.5percent and annual per capita GDP growth was 1.5 percent (compared to 0.6 percent over the previous two decades). At the same time, the nation's Gini index of economic inequality decreased from 0.55 to 0.47.
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