Algeria | |
|---|---|
| Land Area | 2381741km² |
| Land Area + Seaarea | |
| Population | 40263711 |
| Population density | 16.9 / km² |
Algeria ( (listen) al-JEER-ee-ə, Arabic: الجزائر al-Jazā'ir), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. The capital and most populous city is Algiers, located in the far north of the country on the Mediterranean shore. With an area of 2,381,741 square kilometres (919,595 sq mi), Algeria is the tenth-largest country on earth, and the largest by area from the African Union and the Arab world. With an estimated population of over 44 million, it is the eighth-most populous country in Africa. Algeria is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia, to the east by Libya, to the southeast by Niger, to the southwest by Mali, Mauritania, and the Western Saharan territory, to the west by Morocco, and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea. The country has a semi-arid geography, with the majority of the populace living in the fertile north and the Sahara dominating the geography of the south. This arid geography makes the country very vulnerable to climate change.Pre-1962 Algeria has known many empires and dynasties, including early Numidians, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, Umayyads, Abbasids, Idrisid, Aghlabid, Rustamid, Fatimids, Zirid, Hammadids, Almoravids, Almohads, Zayyanids, Spaniards, Ottomans and finally, the French colonial empire. The majority of the populace is Arab-Berber, practicing Islam and using the official languages of Arabic and Berber. However, French functions as an administrative and education language in certain contexts, and Algerian Arabic is the primary spoken language. Algeria has a semi-presidential republic, with local constituencies comprising 58 provinces and 1,541 communes. Algeria is a regional and middle power. It has the highest human development index of all non-island African countries and one of the biggest economies on the continent, based mostly on energy exports. Algeria has the 16th largest oil reserves in the world and the second biggest in Africa, while it has the ninth largest reserves of natural gas. Sonatrach, the national oil company, is the largest company in Africa, supplying large amounts of natural gas to Europe. Algeria has one of the largest militaries in Africa and the largest defence budget. It is a member of the African Union, the Arab League, OPEC, the United Nations, and the Arab Maghreb Union, of which it is a founding member.
Source: WikipediaBhutan | |
|---|---|
| Land Area | 38394km² |
| Land Area + Seaarea | |
| Population | 672425 |
| Population density | 17.5 / km² |
Bhutan ( (listen); Dzongkha: འབྲུག་ཡུལ, romanized: Druk Yul, [ʈuk̚˩.yː˩]), officially the Kingdom of Bhutan (Dzongkha: འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་ཁབ, romanized: Druk Gyal Khap), is a landlocked nation in South Asia. Located in the Eastern Himalayas, It's bordered by the Tibet Autonomous Region of China in the north, the Chumbi Valley of Tibet, China and the Indian states of Sikkim and West Bengal in the west, and the Indian states of Assam, West Bengal and Arunachal Pradesh in the south and east. Bhutan is the second-least-populous country after the Maldives of the region and is geopolitically in South Asia. While Phuntsholing is its financial centre thimphu is largest city and its capital. The independence of bhutan has endured for centuries. It's never been colonized in its history. Situated on the ancient Silk Road between the Indian subcontinent, Tibet and Southeast Asia, the Bhutanese state developed a different national identity based on Buddhism. Headed by a leader known as the Zhabdrung Rinpoche, the land comprised many fiefdoms and has been governed as a Buddhist theocracy. After a civil war in the 19th century, the country was reunited by the House of Wangchuck and established relations. During the rise of Chinese communism, Bhutan fostered a strategic partnership Following the end of the British Raj . From the early 1990s, the authorities deported much of the Nepali-speaking Lhotsampa minority of the country, sparking a refugee crisis in Nepal. In 2008, Bhutan transitioned from an absolute monarchy and held the first election to the National Assembly of Bhutan. The National Assembly is part of the bicameral parliament of the Bhutanese democracy.The country's landscape ranges from lush subtropical plains in the south to the sub-alpine Himalayan mountains in the north, where there are peaks higher than 7,000 metres (23,000 ft). Gangkhar Puensum may be the highest unclimbed mountain in the world and is Bhutan's highest peak. Bhutan's wildlife is notable for its diversity. Bhutan ranks first in liberty, ease of doing business and calmness and is the least corrupt nation in the area as of 2016. It has been a country, but expects to graduate from this standing by 2023. Hydroelectricity accounts for most of its exports. The government is a parliamentary democracy; the head of state is the King of Bhutan, known as the"Dragon King." Bhutan maintains relations with 52 countries and the European Union, but doesn't have formal ties with the United Nations Security Council's five permanent members. It is a member of the United Nations, SAARC, BIMSTEC and the Non-Aligned Movement. A close relationship is maintained by the Royal Bhutan Army . Bhutan is also notable for pioneering the concept of gross national happiness.
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