Albania vs Tajikistan

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Albania ( (listen) a(w)l-BAY-nee-ə; Albanian: Shqipëri or Shqipëria; Gheg Albanian: Shqipni or Shqipnia also Shqypni or Shqypnia), officially the Republic of Albania (Albanian: Republika e Shqipërisë, pronounced [ɾɛpuˈblika ɛ ʃcipəˈɾiːsə]), is a country in Southeast Europe on the Adriatic and Ionian Sea within the Mediterranean Sea.

It shares land borders with Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo into the northeast, North Macedonia to the east, Greece to the south and maritime borders with Greece, Montenegro and Italy to the west. Geographically, the country displays diverse climatic, geological, hydrological, and morphological conditions, defined in an area of 28,748 km2 (11,100 sq mi). It possesses significant diversity together with the landscape ranging from the snow-capped mountains in the Albanian Alps as well as the Korab, Skanderbeg, Pindus and Ceraunian Mountains to the hot and sunny coasts of the Albanian Adriatic and Ionian Sea along the Mediterranean Sea. Historically, the nation has been inhabited by numerous civilisations like the Illyrians, Thracians, Ancient Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, Venetians and Ottomans. The Albanians established the autonomous Principality of Arbër in the 12th century. The Kingdom of Albania and Principality of Albania formed between the 13th and 14th centuries. Before the Ottoman conquest of Albania in the 15th century, the Albanian resistance to Ottoman expansion into Europe headed by Gjergj Kastrioti Skanderbeg won them acclaim over most of Europe. Between the 18th and 19th centuries, cultural developments, widely attributed to Albanians having accumulated both intellectual and spiritual strength, conclusively resulted in the Albanian Renaissance. Following the defeat of the Ottomans in the Balkan Wars, the modern nation state of Albania declared independence in 1912. In the 20th century, the Kingdom of Albania was invaded by Italy which formed Greater Albania before becoming a protectorate of Nazi Germany. Enver Hoxha formed Communist Albania following the Second World War and launched the Albanians on a course of oppression and decades of isolation. The Revolutions of 1991 concluded the fall of communism in Albania and eventually the establishment of the current Republic of Albania. Politically, the country is a unitary parliamentary constitutional republic and developing nation with an upper-middle income economy dominated by the service sector, followed by manufacturing. It went through a process of transition following the end of communism in 1990, from centralized planning to a market-based economy. Albania provides universal healthcare and free primary and secondary education to its citizens.The nation is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, UNESCO, NATO, WTO, COE, OSCE, and OIC. It's an official candidate for membership in the European Union. It is one of the founding members of the Energy Community, such as the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation and Union for the Mediterranean.

Source: Wikipedia

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Tajikistan ( (listen), ; Tajik: Тоҷикистон, [tɔdʒikisˈtɔn]), officially the Republic of Tajikistan (Tajik: Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Jumhurii Tojikiston), is a mountainous, landlocked country in Central Asia with an area of 143,100 km2 (55,300 sq mi) and an estimated population of 9,275,828 people. It is bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north and China to the east. The Tajik people's traditional homelands incorporate present-day Tajikistan as well as parts of Uzbekistan and Afghanistan. The land that now constitutes Tajikistan was formerly home to several ancient cultures, including the city of Sarazm of the Neolithic and the Bronze Age and was later home to kingdoms dominated by people of different faiths and cultures, including the Oxus civilisation, Andronovo culture, Buddhism, Nestorian Christianity, Zoroastrianism, Manichaeism and Islam. Numerous empires and dynasties have dominated the area, including the Mongol Empire, Sasanian Empire, Hephthalite Empire, Samanid Empire and the Achaemenid Empire. The Timurid Renaissance was flourished after being ruled by the Timurid dynasty and the Khanate of Bukhara. The area was later conquered by the Russian Empire and by the Soviet Union. Within the Soviet Union, the nation's modern borders were drawn as it was part of Uzbekistan as an autonomous republic before becoming a full-fledged Soviet republic in 1929. As soon as the Soviet Union disintegrated on 9 September 1991, Tajikistan became an independent nation. There was A war fought almost immediately lasting from 1992 to 1997. Since the end of the war, recently established stability and foreign aid have allowed the economy of the country. For leadership, lack of religious freedom, corruption and widespread violations of human rights, the nation, headed by President Emomali Rahmon since 1994, has been criticised by many of organizations like all other Central Asian neighbouring countries. Tajikistan is a republic. The majority of Tajikistan's population belongs to the Tajik ethnic group, who speak Tajik (a dialect of Persian). Russian is used as the inter-ethnic language. 98 percent of the population practice Islam, while the state is constitutionally secular. In Tajikistan's Oblast, despite its population, there's linguistic diversity where Shughni Rushani, Ishkashimi, Wakhi and Tajik are some of the languages. Mountains cover more than 90 percent of the nation. It's a transition economy that's highly dependent on remittances, aluminium and cotton production. Tajikistan is part of CSTO, CIS, OSCE, OIC, ECO, SCO and the United Nations in Addition to an NATO PfP partner.

Source: Wikipedia