Afghanistan | |
|---|---|
| Land Area | 652230km² |
| Land Area + Seaarea | |
| Population | 32738376 |
| Population density | 50.2 / km² |
Afghanistan ( (listen); Pashto/Dari: افغانستان, Pashto: Afġānistān [avɣɒnisˈtɒn, ab-], Dari: Afġānestān [avɣɒnesˈtɒn]), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country in South and Central Asia. Afghanistan is bordered by Pakistan to the east and south; Iran to the west; Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan to the north; and China to the northeast. Occupying 652,000 square kilometers (252,000 sq mi), it is a mountainous country with plains in the north and southwest. Kabul is the capital and largest city. The population is around 32 million, mostly composed of ethnic Pashtuns, Tajiks, Hazaras and Uzbeks. Human habitation in Afghanistan dates back to the Middle Paleolithic Era, and the country's strategic location along the Silk Road connected it to the cultures of the Middle East and other parts of Asia. The land has historically been home to various peoples and has witnessed numerous military campaigns, including those by Alexander the Great, Mauryas, Muslim Arabs, Mongols, British, Soviets, and by the United States with allied countries. The land also served as the source from which the Kushans, Hephthalites, Samanids, Saffarids, Ghaznavids, Ghorids, Khaljis, Mughals, Hotaks, Durranis, and others have risen to form major empires. The political history of the modern state of Afghanistan began with the Hotak and Durrani dynasties in the 18th century, with Ahmad Shah Abdali being considered as the founder of the state. In the late 19th century, Afghanistan became a buffer state in the "Great Game" between British India and the Russian Empire. Its border with British India, the Durand Line, was formed in 1893 but it is not recognized by the Afghan government and it has led to strained relations with Pakistan since the latter's independence in 1947. In the First Anglo-Afghan War, the British East India Company seized control of Afghanistan briefly, but following the Third Anglo-Afghan War in 1919 the country was free of foreign influence, eventually becoming a monarchy under Amanullah Khan, until almost 50 years later when Zahir Shah was overthrown and a republic was established. In 1978, after a second coup Afghanistan first became a socialist state and then a Soviet protectorate. This evoked the Soviet–Afghan War in the 1980s against mujahideen rebels. By 1996 most of Afghanistan was captured by the Islamic fundamentalist group the Taliban, who ruled as a totalitarian regime for over five years. Following the 9/11 attacks, an intervention by the US and its allies forcibly removed the Taliban from power, and a new democratically-elected government was formed, but the Taliban still control a significant portion of the country. Afghanistan is a unitary presidential Islamic republic. The country has high levels of terrorism, poverty, child malnutrition, and corruption. It is a member of the United Nations, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the Group of 77, the Economic Cooperation Organization, and the Non-Aligned Movement. Afghanistan's economy is the world's 96th largest, with a gross domestic product (GDP) of $72.9 billion by purchasing power parity; the country fares much worse in terms of per-capita GDP (PPP), ranking 169th out of 186 countries as of 2018.
Source: WikipediaGrenada | |
|---|---|
| Land Area | 344km² |
| Land Area + Seaarea | |
| Population | 107850 |
| Population density | 313.5 / km² |
<p>Grenada ( (listen) grin-AY-də; Grenadian Creole French: Gwenad) is a sovereign state in the West Indies in the Caribbean Sea at the southern end of the Grenadines island Series. </p>Grenada consists itself and six islands which lie to the island's north. It is located northwest of Trinidad and Tobago, northeast of Venezuela and southwest of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Its size is 348.5 square kilometres (134.6 sq mi), and it had an estimated population of 112,200 in July 2018. Its capital is St. George's. Grenada is also known as the"Island of Spice" because of its production of nutmeg and mace crops. Grenada's bird is the Grenada dove. Prior to the arrival of Europeans in the Americas, the Island Caribs inhabited by the Arawaks and afterwards Grenada. Christopher Columbus sighted Grenada in 1498 during his third voyage. Though it was deemed the property of the King of Spain, there are no records to indicate the Spanish landed or settled on the island. Following several unsuccessful attempts by Europeans to colonise the island because of resistance in the Island Caribs, colonisation and French settlement began in 1650 and lasted for the next century. On 10 February 1763, Grenada was ceded to the British under the Treaty of Paris. British rule lasted until 1974 (except for a period of French rule between 1779 and 1783). From 1958 to 1962 Grenada was part of the Federation of the West Indies, a short-lived federation of British West Indian colonies. March 1967, Grenada was granted full autonomy over its internal affairs as an associated state. Independence as a state was granted on 7 February 1974, without breaking formal ties with the Commonwealth, under the leadership. In March 1979, the Marxist--Leninist New Jewel Movement overthrew Gairy's government in a popular bloodless coup d'état and established the People's Revolutionary Government (PRG), led by Maurice Bishop as Prime Minister. Bishop was afterwards implemented by military hardliners, prompting a U.S.-led invasion in October 1983. Since then democratic governance was restored and the island has remained stable.
Source: WikipediaSomalia, officially the Federal Republic of Somalia is a sovereign country in the Horn of...
Myanmar (English pronunciation below; Burmese: မြန်မာ, [mjəmà]) or Burma (see §Etymology),...
<p>The Maldives (, US: (listen); Dhivehi: ދިވެހިރާއްޖެ Dhivehi Raajje), officially the...
Cape Verde ( (listen)) or Cabo Verde ( (listen), ) (Portuguese: Cabo Verde, pronounced [ˈkabu...
Welcome to 