Afghanistan | |
|---|---|
| Land Area | 652230km² |
| Land Area + Seaarea | |
| Population | 32738376 |
| Population density | 50.2 / km² |
Afghanistan ( (listen); Pashto/Dari: افغانستان, Pashto: Afġānistān [avɣɒnisˈtɒn, ab-], Dari: Afġānestān [avɣɒnesˈtɒn]), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country in South and Central Asia. Afghanistan is bordered by Pakistan to the east and south; Iran to the west; Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan to the north; and China to the northeast. Occupying 652,000 square kilometers (252,000 sq mi), it is a mountainous country with plains in the north and southwest. Kabul is the capital and largest city. The population is around 32 million, mostly composed of ethnic Pashtuns, Tajiks, Hazaras and Uzbeks. Human habitation in Afghanistan dates back to the Middle Paleolithic Era, and the country's strategic location along the Silk Road connected it to the cultures of the Middle East and other parts of Asia. The land has historically been home to various peoples and has witnessed numerous military campaigns, including those by Alexander the Great, Mauryas, Muslim Arabs, Mongols, British, Soviets, and by the United States with allied countries. The land also served as the source from which the Kushans, Hephthalites, Samanids, Saffarids, Ghaznavids, Ghorids, Khaljis, Mughals, Hotaks, Durranis, and others have risen to form major empires. The political history of the modern state of Afghanistan began with the Hotak and Durrani dynasties in the 18th century, with Ahmad Shah Abdali being considered as the founder of the state. In the late 19th century, Afghanistan became a buffer state in the "Great Game" between British India and the Russian Empire. Its border with British India, the Durand Line, was formed in 1893 but it is not recognized by the Afghan government and it has led to strained relations with Pakistan since the latter's independence in 1947. In the First Anglo-Afghan War, the British East India Company seized control of Afghanistan briefly, but following the Third Anglo-Afghan War in 1919 the country was free of foreign influence, eventually becoming a monarchy under Amanullah Khan, until almost 50 years later when Zahir Shah was overthrown and a republic was established. In 1978, after a second coup Afghanistan first became a socialist state and then a Soviet protectorate. This evoked the Soviet–Afghan War in the 1980s against mujahideen rebels. By 1996 most of Afghanistan was captured by the Islamic fundamentalist group the Taliban, who ruled as a totalitarian regime for over five years. Following the 9/11 attacks, an intervention by the US and its allies forcibly removed the Taliban from power, and a new democratically-elected government was formed, but the Taliban still control a significant portion of the country. Afghanistan is a unitary presidential Islamic republic. The country has high levels of terrorism, poverty, child malnutrition, and corruption. It is a member of the United Nations, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the Group of 77, the Economic Cooperation Organization, and the Non-Aligned Movement. Afghanistan's economy is the world's 96th largest, with a gross domestic product (GDP) of $72.9 billion by purchasing power parity; the country fares much worse in terms of per-capita GDP (PPP), ranking 169th out of 186 countries as of 2018.
Source: WikipediaBhutan | |
|---|---|
| Land Area | 38394km² |
| Land Area + Seaarea | |
| Population | 672425 |
| Population density | 17.5 / km² |
Bhutan ( (listen); Dzongkha: འབྲུག་ཡུལ, romanized: Druk Yul, [ʈuk̚˩.yː˩]), officially the Kingdom of Bhutan (Dzongkha: འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་ཁབ, romanized: Druk Gyal Khap), is a landlocked nation in South Asia. Located in the Eastern Himalayas, It's bordered by the Tibet Autonomous Region of China in the north, the Chumbi Valley of Tibet, China and the Indian states of Sikkim and West Bengal in the west, and the Indian states of Assam, West Bengal and Arunachal Pradesh in the south and east. Bhutan is the second-least-populous country after the Maldives of the region and is geopolitically in South Asia. While Phuntsholing is its financial centre thimphu is largest city and its capital. The independence of bhutan has endured for centuries. It's never been colonized in its history. Situated on the ancient Silk Road between the Indian subcontinent, Tibet and Southeast Asia, the Bhutanese state developed a different national identity based on Buddhism. Headed by a leader known as the Zhabdrung Rinpoche, the land comprised many fiefdoms and has been governed as a Buddhist theocracy. After a civil war in the 19th century, the country was reunited by the House of Wangchuck and established relations. During the rise of Chinese communism, Bhutan fostered a strategic partnership Following the end of the British Raj . From the early 1990s, the authorities deported much of the Nepali-speaking Lhotsampa minority of the country, sparking a refugee crisis in Nepal. In 2008, Bhutan transitioned from an absolute monarchy and held the first election to the National Assembly of Bhutan. The National Assembly is part of the bicameral parliament of the Bhutanese democracy.The country's landscape ranges from lush subtropical plains in the south to the sub-alpine Himalayan mountains in the north, where there are peaks higher than 7,000 metres (23,000 ft). Gangkhar Puensum may be the highest unclimbed mountain in the world and is Bhutan's highest peak. Bhutan's wildlife is notable for its diversity. Bhutan ranks first in liberty, ease of doing business and calmness and is the least corrupt nation in the area as of 2016. It has been a country, but expects to graduate from this standing by 2023. Hydroelectricity accounts for most of its exports. The government is a parliamentary democracy; the head of state is the King of Bhutan, known as the"Dragon King." Bhutan maintains relations with 52 countries and the European Union, but doesn't have formal ties with the United Nations Security Council's five permanent members. It is a member of the United Nations, SAARC, BIMSTEC and the Non-Aligned Movement. A close relationship is maintained by the Royal Bhutan Army . Bhutan is also notable for pioneering the concept of gross national happiness.
Source: WikipediaBotswana ( (listen), also UK: ), officially the Republic of Botswana (Setswana: Lefatshe la...
Chad ( (listen); Arabic: تشاد Tishād, Arabic pronunciation: [ti.ʃaːd]; French: Tchad, pronounced...
Madagascar (; Malagasy: Madagasikara), officially the Republic of Madagascar (Malagasy:...
Australia, officially called the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the...
Welcome to 