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Colosseum | |
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Height | 48m |
Floors | 0 |
Year | 80 |
City | Rome |
The Colosseum ( KOL-?-SEE-?m), also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre (Latin: Amphitheatrum Flavium; Italian: Anfiteatro Flavio [a?fite?a?tro ?fla?vjo] or Colosseo [kolos?s??o]), is an oval amphitheatre in the middle of the city of Rome, Italy. Constructed of travertine limestone, tuff (volcanic rock), and brick-faced concrete, it was the largest amphitheatre ever constructed at the time and held 50,000 to 80,000 spectators. The Colosseum is just east of the Roman Forum. Construction started under the emperor Vespasian in AD 72 and was completed in AD 80 beneath his successor and heir, Titus. Further modifications were made during the reign of Domitian (81--96). These three emperors are known as the Flavian dynasty, and the amphitheatre was named in Latin because of its association with their family name (Flavius).
The Colosseum could hold an estimated 50,000 to 80,000 spectators at various points of its history over the centuries, having a typical audience of some 65,000; it was used for gladiatorial contests and public spectacles such as mock sea battles (for only a short time as the hypogeum was soon filled in with mechanisms to support the other activities), animal hunts, executions, re-enactments of famous battles, and dramas based on mythology.
Commerzbank Tower | |
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Height | 259m |
Floors | 0 |
Year | 1997 |
City | Frankfurt |
Commerzbank Tower is a 56-story, 259 m (850 ft) skyscraper owned by Samsung of Korea since September 2016 in the banking district of Frankfurt, Germany. An antenna spire with a signal light on top gives the tower a entire height of 300.1 m (985 ft). It is the tallest building in Frankfurt and the tallest building in Germany. It was the tallest building in Europe from its completion in 1997 until 2003 when it was surpassed by the Triumph-Palace in Moscow. Since the departure of the United Kingdom from the European Union, the tower has recovered its position as the tallest building in the European Union. The Commerzbank Tower is just two metres taller than the Messeturm, which can be located in Frankfurt and was the tallest building in Europe before the building of the Commerzbank Tower. Commerzbank Tower was designed by Foster & Partners, together with Arup and Krebs & Kiefer (structural engineering), J. Roger Preston with P&A Petterson Ahrens (mechanical engineering), Schad & Hölzel (electrical engineering). Construction of the building started in 1994 and took three years to complete. The building provides 121,000 m2 (1,300,000 sq ft) of office space for the Commerzbank headquarters, such as winter gardens and natural light and air circulation. The building is lighted at night with a yellow lighting scheme that was designed by Thomas Ende who had been allowed to display this sequence because of a competition. In its immediate neighbourhood are other skyscrapers such as the Eurotower (former home of the European Central Bank), the Main Tower, the Silberturm, the Japan Center and the Gallileo. The region forms Frankfurt's central business district, popularly called Bankenviertel.
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